Uterine prolapse occurs when the uterus bulges or descends into the vagina.
Symptoms of Uterine Prolapse
Symptoms may develop slowly and can initially go unnoticed. A health care provider might detect a prolapse during a physical examination. If symptoms do occur, they can include:
- A bulge in the vagina
- Difficulty fully emptying the bladder
- Organs protruding from the vagina
- Urine leakage (urinary incontinence)
- Lower back pain
- A sensation of pelvic pressure or fullness
- Issues with bowel movements
- Trouble inserting tampons or applicators
How Uterine Prolapse is Diagnosed
The first step is to do an internal pelvic examination. The patient will need to undress from the waist down and lie on an examination bed. The physician will then feel for any lumps in the pelvic area and inside the vagina. An instrument called a speculum may be inserted into the vaginal to hold the walls open and identify a prolapse.
Some patients may be asked to lie on their left side so that the physician can obtain a better view of the prolapse.
Treatment for Uterine Prolapse
Adjusting diet and lifestyle can alleviate some symptoms. For instance, reducing excessive fluid intake might ease urinary incontinence, while increasing fiber intake can aid with bowel issues. Stool softeners are sometimes prescribed. Additionally, weight loss may improve prolapse symptoms if you are overweight.
Physical therapy incorporating Kegel exercises, aimed at strengthening pelvic floor muscles, can help reduce certain prolapse issues. Biofeedback devices, which use sensors, can enhance muscle tone and alleviate prolapse symptoms. A pessary, a silicone device available in various shapes and sizes, may be inserted into the vagina to support internal organs.
Surgical options are also available to tighten the pelvic cavity’s ligaments for organ support. In some instances, synthetic mesh material is used as a sling to provide additional support for the organs. For patients who may need surgery, a key factor in this decision is the severity of your symptoms. Other important considerations to discuss with a doctor include:
- Age: If you undergo surgery at a young age, there is a risk of prolapse recurrence, potentially requiring further treatment. For older individuals, overall health and surgical history may influence the type of surgery recommended.
- Childbearing Plans: If you plan to become pregnant in the future, it is best to delay surgery until your family is complete to avoid the risk of prolapse recurrence after surgery.
- Health Conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, heart disease, or respiratory issues, as well as smoking, can increase the risks associated with surgery.
Choose UCI Pelvic Health Center
If you are experiencing symptoms of uterine prolapse, the UCI Pelvic Health Center is here to help. Our team of specialists offers comprehensive diagnosis and personalized treatment plans to address your condition and improve your quality of life. From non-surgical options like physical therapy and pessary devices to advanced surgical procedures, we are committed to providing the best care tailored to your needs.