Native-tissue prolapse repair, also known as fixation or suspension, is a surgical procedure to treat uterine or vaginal vault prolapse without using mesh. This reconstructive surgery is performed through a vaginal incision. The surgeon uses stitches to attach the prolapsed organ to a ligament or muscle in the pelvis. This type of vaginal surgery can repair prolapse of the bladder, cervix, uterus, small bowel, or rectum and may be combined with a hysterectomy if the uterus is prolapsed. Additionally, a procedure to prevent urinary incontinence may be performed.
Symptoms of Vaginal Prolapse
Vaginal prolapse occurs when the top of the vagina weakens and descends into the vaginal canal. In severe cases, the top of the vagina may protrude through the vaginal opening. Symptoms may include:
- A feeling of vaginal fullness
- Secondary prolapse, such as rectocele or cystocele
- Sensation of something falling out of the vagina
- Difficulty using tampons
- Changes in bowel and bladder function, such as difficulty passing urine or stool
- Pain or discomfort during sexual intercourse
Symptoms of Uterine Prolapse
Uterine prolapse happens when weakened pelvic floor muscles are unable to support the uterus, causing it to slip down into or protrude through the vagina. Symptoms may include:
- Seeing or feeling tissue bulge out of the vagina
- Sensation of sitting on a small ball
- Sensation of vaginal tissue rubbing against clothing
- Urinary incontinence
- Sexual concerns, such as a feeling of looseness in vaginal tissue
- Heaviness or pulling sensation in the pelvis
- Pressure or discomfort in the pelvis or lower back
- Inability to completely empty the bladder
- Difficulty having a bowel movement and needing to press the vagina with fingers to assist
Factors to Consider Before Undergoing Surgery
Before deciding to undergo native-tissue prolapse repair surgery, patients and their doctors should evaluate the following factors:
- Age: Younger patients may have a higher risk of recurrent prolapse requiring further treatment, while older patients with a history of surgeries may face limitations on the types of surgery available to them.
- Childbearing Plans: Patients planning to have more children might consider postponing the surgery until they have completed their families to reduce the risk of future prolapse.
- Health Conditions: Patients with heart disease, respiratory issues, diabetes, or those who smoke may face increased risks.
After surgery, some may experience pain during sexual intercourse, urinary incontinence, and pelvic pain.
The Recovery Process
Recovery from the procedure takes a few weeks. Post-surgery, patients should:
- Avoid lifting, strenuous exercise, and straining for the first few weeks
- Refrain from sex for several weeks
- Maintain a healthy weigh
- Prevent constipation by eating a healthy diet
If you’re experiencing pelvic organ prolapse, consider native-tissue prolapse repair at UCI Pelvic Health Center. Our skilled surgeons use advanced techniques to provide effective treatment without the use of mesh.