A vaginal septum is an abnormality where the vagina is divided into two canals, formed during fetal development, potentially causing future issues.
Causes of a Vaginal Septum
The female reproductive organs start forming around six weeks after fertilization while the baby is in utero. Normally, the Müllerian ducts fuse centrally, with some tissue forming the uterus and fallopian tubes, and other tissue forming the vaginal walls of a single canal. A Müllerian anomaly, a mutation during this process, can lead to a vaginal septum. Women with this condition may also have other anomalies such as:
- Renal anomalies (kidney)
- Skeletal anomalies (bone)
- Anorectal anomalies (anus or rectum)
Types of Vaginal Septum
The three types of vaginal septum are classified by shape, thickness, and location.
1. Longitudinal vaginal septum: Runs vertically, dividing the vagina into two separate canals. Often asymptomatic, it is usually detected during a pelvic exam.
2. Transverse vaginal septum: Runs horizontally, can be complete or partial. Complete blockages cause missed menstrual cycles, upper abdominal swelling, and pain during intercourse.
3. Obstructed hemi vagina: Blocks and divides half of the vagina, often causing normal menstruation in one half and blockages in the other. This condition frequently accompanies a didelphic (double) uterus and severe menstrual pain.
Diagnosis of a Vaginal Septum
Diagnosis involves reviewing symptoms and medical history, performing a pelvic exam, and potentially an MRI. Women with a non-obstructive septum may not need treatment, but those with an obstructive septum might face issues with tampon use, intercourse, and childbirth.
Types of Surgical Resection for a Vaginal Septum
Surgical treatment depends on the septum type:
- Resection of a longitudinal vaginal septum: Removes the septum and surrounding abnormal tissue, resulting in a single canal
- Resection of a transverse vaginal septum: More complex, may involve draining obstructed menstrual blood before removing the septum tissue
- Resection of an obstructed hemi vagina: Removes the septum tissue to create a single canal and eliminate menstrual blood blockages
Choose UCI Pelvic Health Center for Vaginal Septum Treatment
If you suspect you have a vaginal septum, contact UCI Pelvic Health Center for expert diagnosis and treatment. Our dedicated team specializes in addressing vaginal abnormalities with precision and care. A vaginal septum, which can cause discomfort and complications, is best managed with professional guidance to ensure optimal health and well-being.
At UCI Pelvic Health Center, we use advanced diagnostic tools, including pelvic exams and MRIs, to accurately identify the type and severity of the septum. Whether you have a longitudinal, transverse, or obstructed hemi vaginal septum, our experienced physicians will tailor a treatment plan to meet your specific needs. From minimally invasive surgical resections to comprehensive post-treatment care, we are committed to providing the highest standard of medical support.